.png)
NDT Testing & Aviation
Non-destructive testing (NDT) involves a wide range of inspection techniques to evaluate the integrity and properties of materials, components, or assemblies without causing damage. Aerospace testing methods are essential for detecting defects, verifying structural integrity, and ensuring compliance with strict government regulations.
What is the Purpose of NDT Testing & Aerospace Part Inspection?
Due to the high-risk nature of the industry and the extreme conditions in which aerospace parts must function, aerospace part inspection and non-destructive testing are paramount to the mission's overall success. Ensuring that each component meets rigorous quality standards is critical for optimal performance and passenger and crew safety.
Why is Non-Destructive Testing of Aerospace Components Necessary?
Components in the aerospace industry must adhere to strict material tolerances and government specifications. Even a minuscule defect within an aerospace component’s structure can lead to catastrophic failure within high-stress environments. Fundamental reasons for incorporating non-destructive testing within the aerospace industry include:
- Safety – Non-destructive testing identifies defects like cracks, voids, porosity, or inclusions before they’re used in flight or extreme conditions.
- Certification & Compliance – The aerospace industry must comply with AS9100, ISO 9001, and FAA/EASA regulations.
- Cost Savings – Non-destructive testing of aviation and aerospace parts helps prevent costly rework or material wastage due to failure.
- Prolonged Life - Routine inspections help monitor wear and tear, preventing unexpected failures.
- Strength & Integrity Assurance – Non-destructive testing ensures the strength and integrity of the materials used meet aerospace industry standards.
Aerospace NDT Testing Methods
Several NDT testing methods are used to detect flaws above and below the surface of an aerospace part or component. Each test detects specific flaws and defects related to its unique testing application. The most common non-destructive aerospace testing methods include:
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Ultrasonic Testing uses high-frequency sound waves to detect internal and surface defects in materials. A transducer emits sound waves into the component, and the resulting echoes are analyzed to identify flaws such as cracks, inclusions, or porosity. Ultrasonic NDT testing is highly accurate, can detect microscopic defects, and is suitable for various materials.
Applications
- Aircraft wings
- Turbine blades
- Composite structures
Radiographic Testing (RT)
Radiographic Testing uses X-rays or gamma rays to inspect the internal structure of components. The radiation passes through the material and creates an image on a detector or film, revealing internal flaws like cracks, voids, or inclusions. The advantage of radiographic testing is that it can detect hidden defects without disassembly, while providing a permanent inspection record.
Applications
- Weld joints
- Castings
- Structural Assemblies
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
Magnetic Particle Testing is used to detect surface and near-surface defects in ferromagnetic materials. The component is magnetized, and fine magnetic particles are applied to its surface. Flaws disrupt the magnetic field, causing the particles to accumulate at defect sites, making them visible. MT testing is quick, cost-effective, and can detect surface and slight subsurface defects.
Applications
- Engine components
- Gears
- Landing gear parts
Eddy Current Testing (ECT)
Eddy Current Testing uses electromagnetic fields to detect surface and near-surface defects in conductive materials. An alternating current is passed through a coil, generating an electromagnetic field. Flaws in the material cause changes in the coil's impedance, indicating the presence of defects. ECT testing can detect small cracks and can be automated for high-throughput inspections.
Applications
- Fuselage
- Wing structures
Visual & Optical Testing
Visual and Optical Testing involves direct or remote visual inspection, often using magnification tools or borescopes to examine critical components for visible defects such as cracks, corrosion, misalignment, or surface irregularities. VT testing is a cost-effective approach that is easy to perform, providing immediate results.
Applications
- Aircraft engines
- Structural joints
- Assemblies
Contact American Metal Testing for Non-Destructive Aerospace Part Inspection Services Today
At American Metal Testing, we provide unmatched metal testing services. Our team of experts uses magnetic particle, fluorescent penetrant, radiographic, and other inspection methods to ensure 100% quality for your aerospace parts. Contact us for more information regarding our non-destructive aerospace part testing services today.
